Early Detection of Cervical Cancer through Screenings

In 2022 alone, there were over 14,000 new cervical cancer cases, according to the National Cancer Institute. Cervical cancer was once one of the most common causes of cancer death for women in the United States. However, the rate has dropped significantly due to preventative screening methods like a Pap smear screening, also called a Pap test.

Early Detection Methods

Early detection methods for cervical cancer mainly include a pelvic exam and a Pap test of the cervix. A Pap test is designed to detect abnormal cervical cells and prompt further investigation if the results are abnormal. Today, the Pap test also includes testing for approximately 14 different strains of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Every female over the age of 30 is tested for HPV as part of their Pap test. If you’re under 30, HPV is typically tested for after receiving an abnormal Pap test result.

When to Get Screened

Cervical cancer screening with a Pap test is recommended to begin at age 21 in sexually active individuals. The American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology guidelines regarding the frequency of screening have changed over the past decade. The frequency of screening depends on age, Pap test and HPV result history, and lifestyle. Frequency can range from every year to every five years. Regardless of how often Pap tests are recommended, it is still encouraged to see a provider yearly for a well-woman exam. Though a Pap test may not be performed, an entire physical exam is performed which includes a breast and pelvic exam. Many older women do not continue to see a gynecologist once they stop having menstrual cycles, which means they are also not receiving a pelvic exam. The pelvic and well-woman exams are crucial parts of health care maintenance and should not be skipped, no matter your age.

Other Methods of Prevention

The risk of cervical cancer can also be lowered by decreasing the chances of contracting HPV. This virus is a sexually transmitted disease and is responsible for most cervical cancers. The HPV vaccine also known as Gardasil 9, abstinence, condom use and other safe sex practices are all great methods to decrease the risk of contracting HPV. It is also encouraged to avoid smoking. HPV causes cellular damage in the tissues of the cervix. The body has repair mechanisms that can correct and heal this cellular damage. Nicotine prohibits the body from repairing the damage. Pap tests are one of the most important screening tools in detecting abnormal cells that could lead to cervical cancer. Take ownership of your health, talk to your doctor and stay up to date with your preventative screenings.